Written By Vaanya Poddar (Grade 6)
Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator, known as Cleopatra by the world. She doesn’t need any introduction, does she? Ancient Egypt’s most famous and last active pharaoh, a woman immortalized everywhere, in film, print and canvas. Her story is one retold throughout the courses of history, full of love, loss, power and betrayal, marking her legacy by both brilliance and tragedy. As I delved deep into her story, I was struck by the complexity of her decisions and the lasting impact they had on the ancient world.
This magnificent lady played a pivotal role in shaping the history of ancient civilisations. Her early reign, marked by strategic alliances, tragic conflicts and unimaginable challenges and wars, spread throughout the world. Being a skilled diplomat and military leader, Cleopatra navigated through a web of politics, securing her place as a pharaoh. Her personal relationships, with two of history’s greatest men – Julius Ceasar and Mark Antony, significantly influenced the outcome of the Roman Civil War and the ultimate downfall of the Egyptian Kingdom. Despite her great legacy, Cleopatra’s story is surrounded by a thick mist of controversy. If I were to step in her papyrus sandals, there are certain things, I would do in my way. Firstly, I would focus on securing Egypt’s long-term independence and a lasting legacy through more secure strategies, prioritising diplomacy over conflict. Though her ‘alliances’ with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, was the only option to save Egypt at that time, they ultimately led to its downfall. I would instead, focus on making stronger relations with neighbouring kingdoms, to prevent unnecessary wars and strengthening Egypt’s forces. This approach would help make sure Egypt’s resources would be used for its growth instead of violence and destruction. To do so, I would prioritise diplomatic missions, engaging in proper communication with neighbouring kingdoms. By establishing such strong alliances, Egypt would gain economical growth. Additionally, I would avoid entanglement with Rome’s internal conflicts, ensuring Egypt’s neutrality and preventing its demise. A strong naval presence was crucial in facilitating cultural exchanges. Ancient Egypt was surrounded with water. By expanding its naval presence, I would allow Egypt to explore new trade routes and secure marine dominance, preventing the disastrous battle of Actium. To win a war, you need to analyze your enemy’s strengths and weaknesses as well as your own, and need a good and proper plan. In my opinion, during the Battle of Actium, both Cleopatra and Mark Antony did not properly evaluate the strength of Octavian’s army, leading to their severe loss. One grave mistake Cleopatra made was that she did not understand Roman politics and the world she lived in. The Romans were conservative and preserved traditions and their way of living was different from the Egyptians. Despite being so intelligent and charming, Cleopatra was still an Egyptian Queen, not Roman. She expected to be treated in the same way in Rome, where the people were horrified being in the midst of an Egyptian Queen, but yet were fascinated by her. She was a spectacle, that captured their attention. So, if I was Cleopatra, I would lower down my expectations and try to adapt to the Romans. Lastly, I would make sure of a smooth transition of the crown, from one generation to another, trying to prevent bloodshed and ensuring that only the correct person is in power with a clear succession plan. This would provide stability and continuity, allowing Egypt to thrive long after my reign, safeguarding its future.
Her relationships with Roman leaders raised eyebrows, and she sometimes acted impulsively but it is crucial to know that Cleopatra was a human too, susceptible to flaws, emotions and most importantly mistakes. We all, just like Cleopatra, face challenges and emotions in our paths that shape and influence our choices. In conclusion, by learning from Cleopatra’s mistakes and triumphs throughout her reign, I would strive to create a brighter and better future for Egypt.
Featured Image Courtesy – BBC
